Egypt detailed serious human rights violations, including routine torture, arbitrary detentions and trials before military and state security courts according to Human Right Watch's 2006 report.
In 2009 several activists described Egypt as a "pharaonic" political system. They also stated that "the real center of power in Egypt is the military".



Followed by a presidential election where Mohamed Morsi was elected as president on 24 June 2012 who is facing numerous challenges where the economy is suffering from a severe downturn.